Entry:

Pawlak, Rebecca and DeFronzo, James, "Social Bonds, Early Trauma, and Smoking: Evidence of the Group Specific Relevance of Control Theory," Journal of Drug Education, 23 (1993), 201-214.


Abstract:

Childhood trauma factors increase the likelihood of smoking in later life regardless of age. The less educated, tho tend to rely on more rigid religious mores, are more inhibited in their smoking habits.

GSS Years:

1988

GSS Codebook Variables referenced by document:

Variable Name

Variable Label

 
 
FOLLOW

IMPORTANCE OF FOLLOWING CHURCH TEACHINGS

GOCHURCH

IMPORTANCE OF ATTENDING CHURCH REGULARLY

BELIEVE

IMPORTANCE OF BELIEVING IN GOD W O DOUBT

GOD

RS CONFIDENCE IN THE EXISTENCE OF GOD

BLKWHITE

R AGREES RIGHT & WRONG NOT BLACK & WHITE

SATFAM

FAMILY LIFE

SATFRND

FRIENDSHIPS

HAPPY

GENERAL HAPPINESS

SATFIN

SATISFACTION WITH FINANCIAL SITUATION

SATJOB

JOB OR HOUSEWORK

FINRELA

OPINION OF FAMILY INCOME

FAMILY16

LIVING WITH PARENTS WHEN 16 YRS OLD

HIT

EVER PUNCHED OR BEATEN BY ANOTHER PERSON

HITAGE

BEATEN AS CHILD OR ADULT

AGE

AGE OF RESPONDENT

EDUC

HIGHEST YEAR OF SCHOOL COMPLETED

INCOME

TOTAL FAMILY INCOME

SEX

RESPONDENTS SEX

RACE

RACE OF RESPONDENT

FINALTER

CHANGE IN FINANCIAL SITUATION

MEMCHURH

MEMBERSHIP IN CHURCH GROUP

MEMSERV

MEMBERSHIP IN SERVICE GROUP

MEMPOLIT

MEMBERSHIP IN POLITICAL CLUB